Test internal and external validity

• Bachman, L. 1990. Fundamental Considerations in Language Testing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Brown, J. D. 1996. Testing in Language Programs. Prentice Hall International.

• Davies, A. 1990. Principles of Language Testing. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

• Fulcher, G. 1999. "Assessment in English for Academic Purposes: Putting Content Validity in its Place." Applied Linguistics 20, 2, 221 - 236.

• Groot P.J.& Trosper S.A. (eds.) 1996. The construct validation of tests of communicative competence.  Washington,  DC.  TESOL. 

• Henning, G. 1987. A Guide to Language Testing: Development, Evaluation, Research. Cambridge, Mass.:Newbury House.

• Messick, S. 1989. "Validity." In Linn, R. L. (ed.) Educational Measurement. New York: Macmillan, 13 - 103.

• Messick, S. 1994. "The Interplay of Evidence and Consequences in the Validation of Performance Assessments." Educational Researcher 23, 2, 13 - 23.

• Moss, P. 1994. "Can There Be Validity Without Reliability?" Educational Researcher 23, 2, 5 - 12."

• Spolsky, B. 1985. "The limits of authenticity in language testing." Language Testing 2, 1, 31 - 40.

• Spolsky, B. 1995. Measured Words. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Stevenson, D. K. 1985. "Authenticity, validity and a tea party." Language Testing 2, 1, 41 - 47.

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